Negotiations for the highly anticipated India-US bilateral trade agreement (BTA) are entering a critical phase, with US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer scheduled to meet Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal on June 23–24. The framework, initially agreed upon in February, was severely disrupted by a US Supreme Court ruling against President Donald Trump’s sweeping reciprocal tariffs. This prompted a temporary 10% tariff architecture across all US trading partners, expiring on July 24. Consequently, India needs to recalibrate its strategy to secure distinct tariff advantages over regional competitors. The upcoming dialogue aims to address the legal friction caused by the US launching Section 301 investigations against India over excess capacity and forced labor concerns, while working to finalize a balanced first-phase interim agreement.