Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Brazilian President Lula da Silva have signed ten major MoUs to strengthen bilateral relations and insulate the Global South from the US-China cold war. A key highlight is the agreement on critical minerals and rare earths, which is designed to build resilient supply chains and reduce dependence on Chinese imports. The two leaders have committed to taking bilateral trade beyond $20 billion within five years, focusing on high-tech sectors like AI, semiconductors, and blockchain. Additionally, Brazil has extended business visas for Indians to ten years, fostering deeper entrepreneurial ties. This partnership also includes a shared push for urgent UN reforms and a permanent seat for India on the Security Council.